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Right-wing authoritarianism
Right-wing authoritarianism (RWA) is a personality and ideological variable studied in political, social, and personality psychology. Right-wing authoritarians are people who have a high degree of willingness to submit to authorities they perceive as established and legitimate, who adhere to societal conventions and norms, and who are hostile and punitive in their attitudes towards people who don't adhere to them. They value uniformity and are in favour of using group authority, including coercion, to achieve it.
==History==
The concept of right-wing authoritarianism was introduced in 1981 by Canadian-American psychologist Bob Altemeyer,〔Altemeyer, B. (1981) ''Right-wing authoritarianism''. University of Manitoba Press.〕 as a refinement of the authoritarian personality theory originally pioneered by University of California at Berkeley researchers Theodor W. Adorno, Else Frenkel-Brunswik, Daniel Levinson, and Nevitt Sanford.〔Adorno, T. W., Frenkel-Brunswik, E., Levinson, D. J., & Sanford, R. N. (1950). ''The authoritarian personality''. New York: Harper and Row.〕 After extensive questionnaire research and statistical analysis, Altemeyer found that only three of the original nine hypothesized components of the model correlated together: authoritarian submission, authoritarian aggression, and conventionalism. Researchers have traditionally assumed that there was just one kind of authoritarian personality, who could be either a follower or a leader. The discovery that followers and leaders are usually different types of authoritarians is based on research done by Sam McFarland.〔Altemeyer, B. (1998). The other ‘authoritarian personality.’ In M. Zanna (Ed.) ''Advances in Experimental Social Psychology'', ''30'' (pp. 47–92). San Diego: Academic Press.〕
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